“根據(jù)中國電梯“十二五”科技需求，未來重點發(fā)展項目將針對電梯的各項技術(shù)指標進行全面提升，特別是在提高電梯的安全性能上將會有一些舉措?！?

——上海交通大學朱昌明教授

電梯作為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和物質(zhì)文明的標志，已經(jīng)成為中國城市一道靚麗的風景線，是人們?nèi)粘９ぷ骱蜕钪蟹浅Ｆ毡榈慕煌ㄟ\載方式。隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和城市化進程的進一步推進，電梯安裝量和需求量日益增大，電梯技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和電梯本身的安全性也受到廣泛的關(guān)注。國家自“十一•五”開始在發(fā)展規(guī)劃中明確提出了電梯領(lǐng)域的科技需求和主要任務(wù)，上海交通大學在成功完成“十一•五”階段性研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，在十二•五規(guī)劃指南下達前期，提交了《十二•五電梯安全與節(jié)能科技發(fā)展規(guī)劃》方案。上海交通大學朱昌明教授應(yīng)約介紹了目前電梯行業(yè)的發(fā)展狀況、面臨的問題和十二•五電梯安全、創(chuàng)新、節(jié)能方面的科技研發(fā)規(guī)劃。

數(shù)據(jù)分析

中國是全球最大的電梯市場，也是全球最大的電梯制造基地和電梯保有量最大的國家，近十年，電梯產(chǎn)量都在以每年20%左右的速度增長。不過，我國平均每千人對應(yīng)的電梯數(shù)量還很低，按2009年電梯保有量137萬臺計算，我國的平均每千人對應(yīng)的電梯數(shù)量只有1臺多一點。就是按現(xiàn)有電梯擁有數(shù)量最多的大城市上海計算，平均每千人對應(yīng)的電梯數(shù)量為7.5臺，還不到歐洲各國的平均水平9.1臺每千人。加大對數(shù)據(jù)的分析和研究，電梯市場發(fā)展空間很大，電梯企業(yè)大有可為。

避免事故

由于建筑數(shù)量、建筑面積、建筑高度等因素的增長需求，我國電梯產(chǎn)量逐年大幅上漲，相對于大幅增長的產(chǎn)量，中國電梯行業(yè)面臨著現(xiàn)在和未來必須面對的質(zhì)量和安全問題：比如：電梯部件質(zhì)量難控、電梯安裝維保難于到位、企業(yè)的安全責任意識淡薄、各類人員的素質(zhì)跟不上電梯發(fā)展需要等，由于管理水平及人員素質(zhì)的原因，我國電梯的事故還是時有發(fā)生，這就需要我們盡量避免電梯事故的發(fā)生，平時加強對設(shè)備的維修保養(yǎng)，增強技術(shù)人員素質(zhì)；完善物業(yè)公司的管理制度，特別是正確保管和使用緊急開鎖的三角鑰匙；同時要教育乘客文明乘梯和掌握自救知識。

研究規(guī)劃

國家 “11.5” 特種設(shè)備的安全科技支撐計劃項目中，就首次將電梯列入了特種設(shè)備安全科技研究對象，上海交通大學對電梯的安全評估、電梯的預(yù)警系統(tǒng)及電梯事故的仿真作了探索性的研究，也取得了部分階段性的成果。但從電梯安全科技的廣度和深度的研究還是遠遠不夠的。

根據(jù)中國電梯“十二五”科技需求，未來重點發(fā)展項目將針對電梯的各項技術(shù)指標進行全面提升。特別是在提高電梯的安全性能上將會有一些舉措，比如：“十二五”電梯研究計劃方案中包括了關(guān)于電梯門及門區(qū)安全技術(shù)的研究、電梯抗震技術(shù)的研究、電梯預(yù)警及應(yīng)急救援系統(tǒng)的研究、電梯關(guān)鍵部件型式試驗參數(shù)的試驗研究等，這些研究都將提高電梯的安全指數(shù)。

在技術(shù)創(chuàng)新方面，主要從未來電梯發(fā)展的趨勢出發(fā)進行研究，比如：高速大容量驅(qū)動技術(shù)、智能電梯群控系統(tǒng)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的應(yīng)用、電梯智能維護技術(shù)、新型的懸掛系統(tǒng)的引用、磁懸浮導(dǎo)向技術(shù)等，通過研究和創(chuàng)新都有可能指導(dǎo)企業(yè)開拓出新的、更廣泛的市場，使未來的電梯更快捷、更穩(wěn)定、更高效。方案中將首次對電梯環(huán)保進行研究，我們會根據(jù)具體的環(huán)保需要，對電梯進行電梯能量消耗狀況對比分析研究、電梯能耗測試裝置的研究、電梯能效評估方法的研究，以減少電梯對環(huán)境的負面影響，使之更加節(jié)省資源、更加人性化、貼近百姓生活。隨著我們電梯技術(shù)水平和管理水平的逐步提升，以及與國際領(lǐng)先電梯企業(yè)合作，未來電梯將產(chǎn)生質(zhì)的飛躍?！笆濉逼陂g電梯行業(yè)應(yīng)打好安全牌和節(jié)能牌，機遇與挑戰(zhàn)并存，騰飛的中國電梯業(yè)靠大家維護、創(chuàng)造。

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=center>近年電梯事故數(shù)據(jù)表

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>事故 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>總數(shù) normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>（起）	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>重大 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>事故 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>（起）	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>嚴重 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>事故 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>（起）	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>一般 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>事故 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>（起）	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>人員傷亡（人）			normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>經(jīng)濟損失 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>（萬元）
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">					normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>死亡	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>重傷	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>輕傷
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2002	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">54	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">51	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">9	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">210
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2003	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">53	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">53	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">39	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">13	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">5	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">133.8
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2004	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">22	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">22	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">18	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">4	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">5	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">206.05
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2005	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">35	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">35	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">25	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">10	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">3	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">76.35
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2007	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">29	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">6	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">10	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">343.4
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2008	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">44	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">44	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">33	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">9	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">25	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">45
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2009	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">8	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">11	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1562.06

“The Twelfth Five-Year Plan” Elevator Security and Energy-saving

“ According to the technological needs of China elevator in “The Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, the future developing projects will be fully improved, especially the improvement of elevator security.”

---Professor Zhu Changming, Shanghai Jiaotong University

Elevator is a symbol of economy developing and material civilization, and is also the popular vertical traffic tool in people’s daily life. With the development of urbanization, the number of the elevators are increasing quickly, thus the innovation and security of elevator has been the hot topic in the industry. Since the “Eleven Five-Year Plan” clearly regulated the technological needs and main tasks, Shanghai Jiaotong University successfully finished the periodical research, and before the issuing of “the Twelfth-Five Year Plan”, the university submitted the document <Elevator Security and Energy-saving Technology Developing Plan in Twelfth Five-Year Plan>. Professor Zhu in Shanghai Jiaotong University introduced the current situation of the elevator industry, and the problems in this period, and he also talked about the technological plan of the elevator security, innovation and energy-saving in “The Twelfth Five-Year Plan”.

Data Analysis

China is the largest elevator market, and is also the largest elevator manufacturing base in the world. In the recent 10 years, the output of the elevator is increasing by 20% every year. However, the number of elevators corresponding one thousand people still remains low. According to the elevator total number 1,370,000, number of elevators corresponding one thousand people is only 1. Even according to the data in Shanghai, where the number of elevators is the largest, number of elevators corresponding one thousand people is 7.5, much less than the standard level of 9.1 units of elevator in Europe. Therefore, China’s elevator market has great potentiality.

Avoiding Accidents

Due to the increasing numbers of buildings, the output of elevator in China has been increasing quickly. Corresponding to the largely increasing of output, China’s elevator industry is also facing many quality and security problems. For the lacking of managing level and workers’ quality, elevator accidents happened quite often. In order to avoid the accidents, we should strengthen the maintenance and improve the quality of workers; consummate the managing system of the property management company; especially the maintaining and using of the triangle key in emergency using.

Researching and Planning

The national “11.5” special equipment security technology plan firstly listed the elevator as the researching object in special equipments. And the elevator security estimation, alarming system and the simulation of accidents in Shanghai Jiaotong University have got the periodical progresses. But the researching of elevator in depth and broad is not enough.

Corresponding to the needs of China Elevator “the twelfth five-year plan”, the future important elevator project will be fully improved in the technology, especially in the aspect of elevator security, for instance: “ the twelfth five-year plan” elevator researching plan includes the researching of elevator door safety, elevator quake-proof technology, elevator alarming system, which all can improve the safety of elevator.

In the technology innovation, the researching work mainly focuses on the future elevator developing trend, for example: High-speed high-capacity drive technology，intelligent elevator group control system, content and the application of the elevator intelligence network maintenance technology, using of new type of suspension system and maglev guidance technology. The plan also firstly refers the environmental protection of elevator. The elevator will be designed to be energy-saving and humanization. With the gradually improving of elevator technology and managing system, the elevator industry in future will be qualitatively leaping.

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=center>Elevator Accidents Data Sheet in Recent Year

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Total normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Number normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Of normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Accidents	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Number normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>of normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Major normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Accidents	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Number normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Of normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Grave normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Accidents	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Number normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Of normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Ordinary normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Accidents	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Personal Injury			normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Economic normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Losses(10,000 RMB)
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">					normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Dead	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Serious normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Injury	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Minor normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Wound
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2002	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">54	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">51	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">9	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">210
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2003	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">53	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">53	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">39	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">13	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">5	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">133.8
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2004	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">22	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">22	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">18	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">4	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">5	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">206.05
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2005	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">35	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">35	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">25	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">10	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">3	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">76.35
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2007	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">29	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">6	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">10	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">343.4
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2008	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">44	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">44	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">33	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">9	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">25	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">45
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2009	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">8	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">11	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1562.06